The regiment as a whole seems to have seen its first major action at the Battle of Brandywine, on September 11, 1777, and saw especially hard fighting, taking heavy casualties. Reorganized on July 1, 1778 to consist of 9 companies. On November 3, 1783, after a distinguished career, the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment was officially mustered out in Philadelphia, then capital of the United States of America. John Doyle's Independent Rifle Company. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission. During 1777, the regiment participated in the Philadelphia Campaign and fought at the Battles of Brandywine (11 Sept.) and Germantown (4 Oct.). Organized between January 31- August 19, 1777 at Lancaster as Capt. Soon, the British regiment marched into view. Muster rolls of the navy and line, militia and rangers, 1775-1783:198-220 Intemediate Sources: USGENwebArchives Transcribed by Christina Hunt Archive.org, OCR Transcription. The Pennsylvania Council of Safety prescribes that there will be ten companies, "eight of them armed with muskets and the other two with riffles." By December 8, a remnant of the First Battalion was at New Germantown, New Jersey, but the bulk of the men had been mustered out of service. USA. Consolidated on January 17, 1781 with the, Reorganized on January 1, 1783 at Ashley Hills, South Carolina, to consist of 9 companies, and assigned to the. Though the act provided exemptions for members of the Continental Congress, Pennsylvania's Supreme Executive Council, Supreme Court judges, masters and teachers of colleges, ministers of the Gospel, and indentured servants, as a practical matter anyone could avoid serving either by filing an appeal to delay their service for a period of time or by paying a fine to hire a substitute. Revolutionary War Records at FamilySearch. It was during this action that the "wives of several of the soldiers belonging to the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment took the empty canteens of their husbands and friends and returned them filled with waterduring the hottest part of the engagement, although frequently cautioned as to the danger of coming into the line of fire.". To each of her line soldiers, who served to the end of the war, Pennsylvania granted Washington wanted to use it as a vehicle for insuring tribal support--its Native American members would become hostages for the good behavior of the rest of the tribe--as well as a combat element. On New Year's Day, 1781, members of the 6th Pennsylvania joined the mutiny of the Pennsylvania regiments then quartered at Morristown. They also fought at Bergen Neck. Resend Activation Email. Filename: Description: Date: Submitter: Revolutionary War: 1bat1782.txt : Rev War: 1782 - First Battalion, Washington County: May 1998: m. Burns: Frontier Rangers/Militia Participating in a part of the left wing under Nathaniel Green, the Pennsylvanians assist in the defeat of the Hessians under Colonel Rall. Relieved on November 18, 1776 from St. Clair's Brigade. October 4, 1777 - Possibly because of their service at Brandywine, Conway's Brigade was chosen to lead the main column of Washington's army in the attack on the British at Germantown. Though they held military titles, these were actually civilian officers not to be confused with the military officers holding the same ranks in the Continental Army. This Revolutionary War Militia Arrangement provides a breakdown of the battalions and companies raised in each county and the names of the commanding officers. 23, No. In the Western Department, the unit helped construct and garrison Fort McIntosh on the Beaver River, and Fort Laurens on the Tuscarawas. Marion knew that if he did not continue to press, theyd be back with a vengeance. Having suffered so many casualties, by November 1, the 7th Pennsylvania only had 17 officers and 105 men fit for duty. As with all his previous battles, he was on his own with this fight. At Trenton, it was the 1st Continental Regiment (now known as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment) that cut off the Hessian retreat from Trenton, causing them to surrender. During the Revolutionary War, Western Pennsylvania saw much fighting between American soldiers and British rangers and their Indian allies. The regiment was disbanded on January 1, 1783. It halted the British attack but was itself compelled to retire under subsequent artillery fire. About. Many of the men who served in 1776 reenlisted and to these were added new recruits to fill out the regiment. Sending forth his Loyalist cavalry to cross the causeway, Marion met the charge with one of his own led by Peter Horry and his mounted men. Revolutionary War Records at FamilySearch. Scouts abounded about the British regiment. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Benjamin Church (1639-1718) of Massachusetts developed a special full-time unit mixing white colonists selected for frontier skills with friendly Indians to carry out offensive strikes against hostile Indians in terrain where normal militia units were ineffective. It spent the rest of the year in garrison at West Point and probably wintered at Morristown. Relieved in January 1777 from Stirling's Brigade. A separate article discussing the various form of military service during this conflict will be added in the near future. In their place came a complex system of county battalion classes and officers whose seniority was chosen by the drawing of lots. Diarist Joseph Plumb Martin described him as "an excellent officer, much beloved and respected by the troops of the Line he belonged to.". Benjamin Church and Maj. Robert Rogers both formed Ranger units to fight during the King Phillips War and the French and Indian War. The origin of the ranger tradition lies in the seventeenth century wars between colonists and Native American tribes. With his cavalry defeated, Watson advanced his guards. 1 . Most crucial to the American Revolutionary War effort was the fact that between 15 August 1780 and 8 September 1781, Marion and his men alone held eastern South Carolina from the British. The two dismounted troops armed and equipped as light infantry provided a defensive element to protect the camp from enemy surprise attack, and also provided a base of fire around which the mounted elements could maneuver. The regiment was furloughed January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey and disbanded on January 1, 1783. Organized in spring 1777 at Kittanning to consist of 8 companies from Westmoreland County. Keystone State. After the war he became the Commander of the First American Regiment, for a time they only infantry unit in the fledgling army of the independent United States. As we continue to get closer to a complete collection of The Pennsylvania Archives, we find more interesting facts. Most of the muster rolls that have survived were made up just before the men were discharged from duty. Two companies also accompanied Benedict Arnold's attack on Quebec. The young officer, nicknamed "The Irish Beauty" by the ladies of Philadelphia, was a close friend of Anthony Wayne's and well acquainted with Washington as well. Militia fines became an important source of revenue. Only in a few instances did her armed vessels pass beyond the Capes of the Delaware into the Atlantic. The Pennsylvanians assigned to the fort, mostly from the Musket Battalion, are among those captured. In 1780, the 7th Pennsylvania was part of a force which defended against a Hessian attack on New Bridge, New Jersey on April 16, 1780 and then at Paramus. Thanks for your help! When General Washington asked for the middle Atlantic states to provide additional reinforcements willing to serve for six months duty in 1776, the Associator units were tapped as a manpower pool, though the individual units did not themselves become part of the Pennsylvania Line forces. This account has been disabled. A detachment of riflemen served with Brig. Continental Regiments, 1st Pennsylvania Regiment 2d Pennsylvania Regiment 3d Pennsylvania Regiment 4th Pennsylvania Regiment 5th Pennsylvania Regiment 6th Pennsylvania Regiment 7th Pennsylvania Regiment 8th Pennsylvania Regiment 9th Pennsylvania Regiment 10th Pennsylvania Regiment 11th Pennsylvania Regiment 12th Pennsylvania Regiment 13th Pennsylvania Regiment Nelson's Independent Rifle Company William's Independent Company Morehead's Independent Company Weaver's Independent Company Pugh's Independent Company Doyle's Independent Rifle Company Pennsylvania State Musketry Battalion Carlisle Independent Companies State Militia Units. Astute British commanders assigned regular British officers to Rogers' Rangers for training in wilderness warfare which they could then pass on to their normal regiments. The west bank was a high bluff with the roadway passing down through a ravine to the bridge. After camping at Valley Forge, the First Pennsylvania saw limited action at Monmouth. Union County, Furloughed on January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey. Only in extreme cases was any individual militia man required to drill with his neighbors as many as twelve times each year, and at most he was called upon to perform during the entire course of the war, two or possibly three, short tours of active duty. The Regiment was authorized on July 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as Capt. Morgans Corps of Rangers was coming to fruition. Samuel Morehead's Independent Company, an element of the. The Regiment was authorized on January 18, 1777 in the Continental Army as an independent company to guard prisoners of war at Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Company returns, battalion returns, and brigade returns were nearly always filled out on standard printed forms when these were available. The men in each battalion elected their own field officers who carried the rank of colonel, lieutenant colonel and major and these officers were then commissioned by the state and expected to serve for three years. January 3, 1777 The Battle of Princeton. By March 30, four of the companies had arrived at the American lines in front of Quebec, but before the remainder could come up the attack on the city was abandoned and the battalion started the slow retreat back to New York. August 11, 1776 The Pennsylvania troops are ordered to New York and are assigned to the brigade commanded by General William Alexander. Pennsylvania Long Rifles. Mifflinburg, Two months later the remnants of the corps fell into British hands when Fort Washington surrendered. Similar groups, commonly known as Associators, soon sprang up in surrounding counties. During the summer, the 11th Pennsylvania was assigned to the 2d Brigade of Anthony Wayne's division. Comment: Adapted here with some reformating, and standardization, Links to person articles to be added as they come available. A militiaman called for active duty who found such duty inconvenient was permitted to hire a Substitute to march and fight in his stead. Since the company captain and lower officers were also called up, their identities provide a clue to the permanent class, company, and battalion to which a particular individual belonged. November 16, 1776 The fall of Fort Washington. When brought word of Watsons deployment, he correctly realized that this was a strategic attempt by the British to drive him from the southern region of the state. L.G. Revolutionary War Pension Payment Ledgers, 1818-1872 from NARA microfilm publication T718. 21 Thacher, James, Military Journal during the American Revolutionary War, pp. Somewhat similarly, at the end of the war arrearages and allowances due were met by issuing to each soldier still in the service a number of interest-bearing Final Settlements, also calledPierce's Certificates. Lee particularly shined when his regulars stiffened the irregular local forces of leaders like Francis ("Swamp Fox") Marion. Jacob Weaver's Independent Company, Consolidated on November 7, 1777 with the. Queen's Rangers. The regiment participated in the unsuccessful defense of New York City and was captured in part at Fort Washington (16 Nov., 1776). March 5, 1776 The Pennsylvania House of Representatives passes a resolution to establish: The Pennsylvania State Rifle Regiment, know as Miles's Regiment, was to consist of two battalions of six companies of seventy-eight enlisted men, armed with rifles: The State Battalion of Musketry, known as Atless's Battalion, was to consist of eight companies of fifty-eight enlisted men, armed with muskets. Membership in the Associators differed greatly from membership the militia, for, technically, enrollment in the Associators was voluntary, while membership in the militia was strictly compulsory with the obligation legally defined. Watsons Buffs were considered to be one of the finest regiments in the British army. For example, what had been Colonel White's 1st York County Battalion continued to be made up of the same men, but could now be designated as perhaps Colonel Black's 7th York County Battalion. A Chronology Of The American Revolutionary War An Ordinance For Regulating The Cloathing Department For The Armies Of The United States The Attempt To Win Over The Hessians The Mutiny Of The Pennsylvania Line The Pox: Ten Times More Terrible Than Britons, Canadians And Indians Together [1] For a full account of the social factors and legislation that this article draws from, see Arthur J. Alexander, "Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Militia," Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 69:1 (January 1945 ), 15-25. When the American Revolutionary War broke out in 1775, about fifty Loyalist regiments were raised, including the Butler's Rangers, the King's Royal Regiment, and the Maryland and Pennsylvania Loyalists.Robert Rogers again raised a unit, this time in New York (mostly from Loyalists living in Westchester and Long Island), from western Connecticut, and with men from the Queen's Loyal Virginia . For the remainder of the war, the fame of Morgan and of his Rangers continued to grow as they deployed throughout the colonies engaging British forces. Captured by one of Rogers scouting units and personally escorted to confinement by Rogers, himself, the great American patriot Hale would be tried and hung from the gallows shortly thereafter, as a traitor, but not before uttering his immortal declaration, I only regret that I have one life to lose for my country.. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. Your account has been locked for 30 minutes due to too many failed sign in attempts. As the advance guard made its way across the river, Marion fell upon the rear guard. A system error has occurred. Joshua Huddy, who was every bit as feared by loyalists as Tye was by patriots. After wintering at Valley Forge the regiment was assigned to the Western Department, headquartered at Fort Pitt. Perry County, It is known that no Pennsylvania militia served at Valley Forge, Monmouth, or Yorktown. During this period, 135 men and officers were detached to Col. Daniel Morgan and participated in the Saratoga campaign as part of his rifle corps. Many of the Invalids were subsequently pensioned. Many men listed on company rosters never drilled, and tens of thousands enrolled in the militia never experienced a single day of active duty. New Hampshire, Companies and Battalions of militia were set up on a geographical basis similar to the arrangement already familiar with the Associators. At Brandywine, the women of the 6th Pennsylvania were cited for their bravery under fire while bringing water to the men. The mix of mounted and dismounted men gave it somewhat greater staying power in independent firefights while also allowing rapid forced marches (each light infantryman held on to a dragoon's stirrups). Organized between January 2- February 17, 1776 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies. This was the decisive point of the campaign that required Marion to attack. Organized between January 2- late March 1776 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Philadelphia City and Berks, Bucks Chester and Philadelphia Counties. Harmar would remain in this position until 1780. Such men of the Pennsylvania Line as became disabled in service but were found capable of light garrison duty were transferred to this special continental regiment. On 22 July 1778 the regiment was re-assigned to the 2d Pennsylvania Brigade. Colonel Stewart called his regiment the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Regiment in his weekly return of October 27, and it was so designated and officially added to the Continental Line by a resolution of the Continental Congress dated November 12, 1777. Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. Refusal to turn out for military exercises would result in a fine, the proceeds from which were used to hire substitutes. Lt. October 4, 1777 Battle of Germantown. As a result of this alliance, Rogers greatest claim to fame during the Revolution and possibly most infamous overall was the seizure of Nathan Hale. . By 1675-1676 a new element appeared in the ranger concept. During the Seven Years' War most European armies developed partisan corps (also called frei korps). But, from the perspective of Robert Rogers and his Rangers, that is contrary to the fact. Re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 8th Pennsylvania Regiment. It was assigned on February 27, 1776 to the, Remainder of Regiment reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment, an element of the, Relieved on July 22, 1778 from the 3rd Pennsylvania Brigade and assigned to the 2nd Pennsylvania Brigade, an element of the. On the brink of war, the Continental Congress passed a resolution on 14 June 1775, on what is known as Flag Day, that "six companies of expert riflemen be immediately raised in Pennsylvania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia." The regiment was authorized in December, 1775 as the 5th Pennsylvania Battalion. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. It gained permanent status as a two-company force on 15 October of that year and provided reconnaissance capability to the Northern Department until 1 January 1781 when it disbanded at Coos, New Hampshire, as part of a general reorganization of the Continental Army. The company commanders could also change. Ohio, Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Revolutionary War Military Abstract Card File, Revolutionary War Pension Files and Related Accounts, Military Pension Accounts and Related Papers, Revolutionary War Soldiers' Claims and Related Papers, Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Associators Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Line Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Militia 3A Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Militia 3B Accounts), Revolutionary War Accounts and Miscellaneous Records (Navy Accounts), American Loyalist Claims, [ca. Later, some of the 11th Pennsylvania took part in the patrol actions in New Jersey, which marked the spring and summer of 1777. Translate. The military unit may also be identified by searching the collection "United States, Revolutionary War Compiled Service Records, 1775-1783" Index provided by Fold3.com and FamilySearch. It remained in the Western Department till the end of the war. Each partisan unit in the Continental Army, however, had a unique organizational structure. The regiment was merged into the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment on July 1, 1778. Pennsylvania State Navy. 1783-1788], Return of Pennsylvania Line Entitled To Donation Lands, Northumberland Co Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia City Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia Co Revolutionary War Militia, Westmoreland Co Revolutionary War Militia, PHMC Collections Management Policy Standards, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Access Policy, Military Accounts, Associators, 1775-1777 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #152), Military Accounts, Line, 1775-1809 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #142-150), Military Accounts, Militia, 1777-1794 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #153-189), Military Accounts, Navy, 1775-1794 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #205-207, 150), Revolutionary War Pension File, 1809-1893 (RG 2) (microfilm rolls #20-22), Revolutionary War Pension List Book, 1834-1837 (RG 28) (microfilm roll #240), Records of Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Governments (RG 27) (microfilm rolls #689-741), Miscellaneous Manuscripts of the Revolutionary War Era, 1771-1791 (MG 275) (microfilm roll #2984), Lyman Copeland Draper Papers, 1542-1916 (MG 262) (microfilm rolls #1202-1239), Sol Feinstone Collection of the American Revolution, 1739-1859 (MG-262) (microfilm rolls #1290-1292), Lieutenant General von Knyphausen, Report of the Battle of Brandywine to Court of Hesse-Kassel, September 11, 1777 (MG 262) (microfilm rolls #3003), Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1789 (National Archives) (microfilm rolls #1733-1738), Donation and Depreciation Lands (RG 17) (microfilm roll #3429). In the mid 1700s, Capt. Crossing the road that led from Murrys Ferry to Kingstree, Watson continued to follow Marion toward Georgetown. During the afternoon the forces under General John Sullivan fought with the enemy for almost two hours near Birmingham Meeting House. The "Act to Regulate the Militia of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania" passed 17 March 1777, and the the subsequent Militia Act passed March 20, 1780, together with their amendments, required all white men between the ages of 18 and 53 capable of bearing arms to serve two months of militia duty on a rotating basis. In 1779, the 6th Pennsylvania was part of the force commanded by "Mad" Anthony Wayne that stormed the British fortifications at Stony Point, NY (16 July). These nine companies were to form a battalion to be commanded by Col. William Thompson of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Other than the regiments and separate companies of riflemen from Pennsylvania and the states to the south, who really functioned as light infantry rather than rangers, the Continental Army only formed two functional ranger units. Here the 2nd Pennsylvania served in a provisional brigade commanded by Lt. Col. Aaron Burr and made a charge from the American left flank into a British force trying to assault the American center. Unfortunately, neither this stick nor the carrot achieved the desired results. USA, New Berlin, On the brink of war, the Continental Congress passed a resolution on 14 June 1775, on what is known as Flag Day, that six companies of expert riflemen be immediately raised in Pennsylvania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia. From these beginnings of the Continental Army, a group of expert riflemen composed of hardy frontiersmen were formed in 1777 into an organization George Washington referred to as The Corps of Rangers. ?? The 5th Pennsylvania Regiment was raised December 9, 1775 at Chester, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. Here the regiment shared the sufferings of the Continental Line, trained in Von Steuben's new manual of arms and brought itself up to strength. Eighty years after becoming the United States of America, the nation suffered a Civil War. They also became very adept at employing the mounted troops in a raid designed to provoke a British pursuit which would end with a classic "L-shaped" ambush. General financial confusion and the collapse of wartime currencies made prompt payment impossible, but eventually, under an act of April 1, 1784, Pennsylvania compensated such payment for their active service and settled accounts with certain other public creditors by passing to them interesting bearing U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900. The original 8th Pennsylvania Regiment was formed in July 1776 of men from Westmoreland and Bedford counties in western Pennsylvania. Minute Men, on call for special duty at short notice, but no evidence of the existence of such a corps in Pennsylvania survives. Deleting this Virtual Cemetery cannot be undone. The regiment never recruited the Indian component, and changes in British operations led to the transformation of the white elements into normal infantry. RevWar Progressive Reorganized and re-designated 1 January 1, 1777 as the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. Following a brief skirmish on the narrow land bridge, both sides withdrew. August 25-27, 1776 The Battle of Long Island. Conway's Brigade continued at attack and eventually drove "the enemy a mile and a half below Chew's house" before being forced to retire. For a more detailed account of how the Pennsylvania militia system worked see "The Pennsylvania Militia in 1777" by Hannah Benner Roach in The Men From the Turloch Militia who Joined Kings Royal Rangers of New York and Butler's Rangers; 1778 List of Men From Pennsylvania who joined the British Army. From there it moved to Morristown, New Jersey, for the encampment in Jockey Hollow where it endured the most brutal winter of the 18th Century. Revolutionary War Re-Enactors. After a settlement was reached, the regiment was furloughed at Trenton on January 17. (these are free with registration) Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from National Archives (NARA) microfilm publication M246. Organized in between September 28- December 18, 1776 at Sunbury to consist of 8 companies from Northampton, Berks, Cumberland and Northumberland Counties. September 11, 1777 - Stirling's Division takes part in the action on the right of Washington's army during the battle of Brandywine. History of the massacre of Captain Phillips' Pennsylvania Rangers; Illinois, Revolutionary War Veteran Burials, 1775-1850; Illinois, U.S., Revolutionary War Veteran Burials Index, 1775-1850; In memoriam : citizen soldiers of Dracut, Mass. Volume Reel 0821 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Sixth Battalion (1776) Sixth Regiment: L - Z. Certain it is no man has a better claim to the public thanks, or is more generally admired than you. (these are free with registration) Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1783 from National Archives (NARA) microfilm publication M246. American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies . A quick fight ensued with heavy firing. 3, 1964): 161-230 was well as the historical background section below. Virginia, Pennsylvania, Furloughed on June 11, 1783 at Philadelphia. John Nelson's Independent Rifle Company and assigned to the. It was Maxwell's command which fought the delaying action at Iron Hill on September 3, 1777, when Lt. Col. Francis Gurney was wounded. "Pennsylvania Rifle: Revolutionary Weapon in a Conventional War." Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 103 (July 1979), pp. During this assault one regiment, possibly the 6th Pennsylvania attacked the pickets at Mount Airy. On July 1, 1776, the army reorganized yet again with each state directed to supply a quota of line regiments for Continental service. 1st United States President, Revolutionary War Mount Vernon, Fairfax County, and were required to show up for their two months of active duty at the time and in the order that their class was called up. The 1st Continentals also participated in the battles at Fort Washington, Harlem Heights, and White Plains. Please enable scripts and reload this page. . The regiment was officially disbanded in January, 1783, although in reality, no regiment had existed since 1781. With little winter clothing and half their muskets unservicable, the men struggled by foot, sloop, and bateaux into Canada, their strength sharply reduced by sickness.
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