which of the following best explains diffusion?

If a person is severely dehydrated, their extracellular fluids will become hypertonic to the intracellular fluid. Direct link to Yago's post Why can't the Sodium move, Posted 4 years ago. Through a process of passive diffusion, without the active involvement of any other molecule oxygen passes through the capillary membrane and enters cells. What values of a and b would complete each of the following (X and Y are not meant to be any particular elements): 266X+baY15aX+32b\begin{aligned} 266 \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \alpha+\mathrm{b}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{Y} \\ In secondary active transport, the two molecules being transported may move either in the same direction (i.e., both into the cell), or in opposite directions (i.e., one into and one out of the cell). movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. The gradient is steep enough that potassium ions will move out of the cell (via channels), despite a growing negative charge on the interior. this monosaccharide yields the most energy of all macromolecules. A cell is placed into a 3% dextrose solution. Invention of the plow eased the intensive use of labor, and the innovation of mechanized farm equipment led to improved food production. If a cell is in a hypertonic solution, the solution has a lower water concentration than the cell cytosol, and water moves out of the cell until . http://physrev.physiology.org/content/91/2/733, https://phys.org/news/2013-10-mechanism-sodium-potassium-revealed.html. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. to send you a reset link. In class, do you typically sit evenly spaced or all scrunched together? how does the antiporter provide energy for molecules to go in the "opposite" direction? _{15}^{\mathrm{a}} \mathrm{X} & \rightarrow \beta+^{32} \mathrm{b} \end{aligned} The second sugar solution is hypertonic to the first. \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{H}}=500 \mathrm{kW}, \dot{Q}_{\mathrm{C}}=100 \mathrm{kW}} \\ {\text { b. } Which of these statements about diffusion of molecules is true? For best results enter two or more search terms. The three main kinds of passive transport are diffusion (or simple diffusion), osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. What part of the plasma membrane is hydrophobic? What is the basic difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane? When these molecules collide with one another, there is a change in the direction of movement as well as changes to momentum and velocity. Diffusion. Diffusion helps in the movement of substances in and out of the cells. Divide the following terms into component parts and give the meanings of the complete terms. Overall, there are more positive charges on the outside of the membrane than on the inside. Background. Which of the following substances must travel across a membrane via facilitated diffusion? At the exact same time, add 2-3 drops off food coloring into each glass. The two images show different agricultural methods. (1967). Sheep production in New Zealand and poultry production in Arkansas produce food animals for human consumption. This property can be observed even better if the gas has an odor or color. In this experiment, you will experience how temperature affects the mixing of food coloring drops with water. You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows: If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they In simple diffusion, this process proceeds without the aid of a transport protein. The cotransporter accomplishes this by physically coupling the transport of glucose to the movement of sodium ions down their concentration gradient. In general, the inside of a cell has a higher concentration of potassium (K, If sodium ions are outside of a cell, they will tend to move into the cell based on both their concentration gradient (the lower concentration of Na, The combination of concentration gradient and voltage that affects an ions movement is called the. Would remain unchanged B. A. smooth endoplasmic reticulum A. The molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration until the concentration becomes equal . While they are confined to the smaller surface area within the crucible, the rate of diffusion remains low. Na+. Active transport: primary & secondary overview (article) | Khan Academy To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity. Direct link to Yuya Fujikawa's post Hi, I'm just a little cur, Posted 5 years ago. As an example, let's suppose we have a high concentration of sodium ions in the extracellular space (thanks to the hard work of the sodium-potassium pump). Similarly, the medium in which diffusion occurs could also be in one of the three physical states. How To Prolong Ejaculation During Intercourse? Sheep production is an example of extensive agriculture requiring large pastures, whereas poultry production is an example of intensive agriculture often practiced indoors. The IV fluid should be isotonic to the patient's blood. The high energy hot water model diffusion is important because its how we get oxygen to all the cells in our bodies. The concentration of sodium ions is lower inside the cell than in the extracellular fluid, while the reverse is true for potassium ions. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. Why does the diffusion of the solute down its concentration gradient release energy? Instead of feeling drunk, she felt nauseated, developed a severe headache, began to get confused, and then became unconscious. What will happen to a freshwater fish in the ocean? The hypertonic solution is one one side of the membrane and the hypotonic solution on the other. Here, well look in more detail at gradients of molecules that exist across cell membranes, how they can help or hinder transport, and how active transport mechanisms allow molecules to move against their gradients. Which of the following is not required for osmosis to occur? Secondary active transport uses the energy stored in these gradients to move other substances against their own gradients. start superscript, 2, comma, 3, end superscript, start superscript, 4, comma, 5, end superscript. This barrier is called the plasma membrane, or cell membrane. Facilitated diffusion is necessary for the movement of large or polar molecules across the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. ADP is released as a by-product. Which of the following statements most accurately compares these two agricultural practices? If the ECF is more concentrated than the cytosol, then the ECF is: A primary active transport process is one in which __________. The phospholipid tails are ________, which make the plasma membrane impermeable to water. One phosphate group from ATP is attached to the pump, which is then said to be phosphorylated. Though water is a polar molecule, it can also diffuse through the plasma membrane. 1) The "sodium/glucose symporter", known as SGLT (sodium glucose linked transporter), receives the energy needed to perform its transport from the electrochemical gradient established by the sodium/potassium pump. Solved Which of the following best explains the effect of - Chegg This process does not require energy. At any given temperature, the diffusion of a smaller particle will be more rapid than that of a larger-sized molecule. The number of molecules that only collide with other carbon dioxide particles within dry ice decreases. What is the basic difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion across a cell membrane? Which of the following best describes advances in the production of textiles during the Second Agricultural Revolution and the Industrial Revolution? Based on this information and your understanding of osmosis and tonicity, what type of IV fluid is the doctor likely administering to try to save the life of the student suffering from water intoxication? Which of the following is used to export large molecules from the cell? Incorrect options: Option A is incorrect because space-time compression is the shortened time or communication between two places. Which of the following is most likely to move through the cell membrane by facilitated diffusion? No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. C. Extracellular fluid should be isotonic to intracellular fluid. Primary active transport, secondary active transport, exocytosis, and endocytosis are all what type of process? Water leaves the cells and the cells shrink. Even though this is random non-directed movement, with a large bulk, it can create a scenario where there is no net movement of gas from the container. When red blood cells are in a hypertonic (higher concentration) solution, water flows out of the cell faster than it comes in. Which of the following best explains how a wheat farmer in the Northern Plains region of the United States is able to maximize profits? Nuclear pores connect the cytoplasm with the nucleoplasm and allow substances to move between the two areas. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following? Which of the following solutions contains the most solute? i dont quite understand the secondary active transport. Diffusion is an important part of many biological and chemical processes. The inside of all cells also contain a jelly-like substance called cytosol. Think of how delicious smells from your kitchen take longer to get into your bedroom than to your living room which is located right beside the kitchen. \end{aligned} Electrochemical gradients and the membrane potential. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. One of the main characteristics of diffusion is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient. Epinephrine is taken into the cell by endocytosis; glycogen is converted to glucose in the endocytotic vesicle. D. The SER stores calcium ions. For example, while oxygen gas will diffuse slightly more quickly than carbon dioxide, both of them will move more quickly than iodine gas. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack Imagine now that you have a second cup with \(100 \: \text{mL}\) of water, and you add \(45 \: \text{g}\) of table sugar to the water. Diffusion Explained with Food Coloring | 3M Science at Home In biological systems, diffusion occurs at every moment, across membranes in every cell as well as through the body. Which of the following best compares a technological consequence of the Green Revolution in more developed and less developed countries? he Na+\mathrm{Na}^{+}Na+concentration of a solution was determined by measurement with a sodium ion-selective electrode. Solution A contains 1% glucose, solution B contains 5% glucose. The passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is ________. Adults should handle or assist with potentially harmful materials or sharp objects. Water moves into and out of cells by osmosis. Some transport processes use transport proteins in the plasma membrane, but do not require ATP. Terms of Service. Which Of The Following Best Explains Diffusion Quizlet? A. synthesize proteins Agricultural settlement patterns are partly determined by the survey system used to organize landownership. ), y1=3y2y2=12y1\begin{aligned} The cell membrane has pores that let only water and glucose into the cell and carbon dioxide out. Heroes and Highlights in the History of Diffusion. An open door is completely permeable to anything that wants to enter or exit through the door. The sodium-potassium pump uses ATP to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. By diffusion: glucose will move from solution B to solution A. You now add the two solutions to a beaker that has been divided by a semipermeable membrane, with pores that are too small for the sugar molecules to pass through, but are big enough for the water molecules to pass through. synthesize ATP, Which of the following organelles synthesizes proteins? Because it is faster to utilize already available ATP through the electrochemical gradient. The sodium-potassium pump transports sodium out of and potassium into the cell in a repeating cycle of conformational (shape) changes. Na+ Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out. Diffusion will continue until the concentration gradient has been eliminated. For each of the following cases, determine whether the cycle operates reversibly, operates irreversibly, or is impossible. Diffusion is the mixing of substances due to the movement of their particles. & y_1^{\prime}=3 y_2 \\ Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. What type of membrane junction allows ions to pass directly from the cytoplasm of one cell to the cytoplasm of the adjacent cell? What four steps should you take to reduce your risk for foodborne illnesses? Spontaneous activity releases energy, non-spontaneous activity (like moving something against its concentration gradient) requires energy. Secondary active transport involves the movement of water by osmosis into a cell. All the examples given above were instances of simple diffusion. Primary and secondary active transport. And sodium is highly concentrated outside of the cell, so that's where it goes during active transport considering it is low to high concentration. The liver is an organ that can synthesize lipids, such as cholesterol, and detoxify poisons, such as alcohol. Which of the following best explains the economic advantage of the type of farm-produced goods shown in the images? Molecules that cannot easily pass through the bilayer include ions and small hydrophilic molecules, such as glucose, and macromolecules, including proteins and RNA. AP human test | Geography Quiz - Quizizz Passive transport is a way that small molecules or ions move across the cell membrane without input of energy by the cell. Which of the following processes require the use of protein carrier molecules? In this experiment, the food coloring that gets added is the same temperature in each of the hot and cold water tests. Diffusion Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster You would need to create a new account. (2005). Diffusion - Definition, Examples and Types | Biology Dictionary a.QH=500kW,QC=100kWb.QH=500kW,Wcycle=250kW,QC=200kWc.Wcycle=350kW,QC=150kWd.QH=500kW,QC=200kW, Find a real general solution of the following systems. Cells utilize oxygen in the mitochondria for aerobic respiration, which generates carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct. The greater the surface area, the faster the rate of diffusion. Plantation farming is considered to be an intensive farming practice because it requires large inputs of labor and capital to produce the crop. Which of the following best explains diffusion? Which of the following best describes the settlement patterns shown in the images? An open beaker of water in equilibrium with water vapour is in a sealed container. Biologydictionary.net Editors. The majority of water molecules moving across plasma membranes by osmosis do so via a process that is most similar to ____. This allows red blood cells to carry oxygen all over your body. Nerve cells do not have centrioles. This means that the dry ice (or even regular ice) will evaporate faster on a warmer day, simply because each molecule is moving with greater energy and is more likely to quickly escape the confines of a solid state. Direct link to Samuel Mayer's post In an antiporter it uses , Posted 7 years ago. B. ribosome Direct link to zykeriaprice2's post what is the main differen, Posted 7 years ago. Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid seeds and the chemical inputs to grow them, leaving large gaps in the success of the Green Revolution outside of urban cores. It will bind two of them, and this triggers removal of the phosphate group attached to the pump in step 2. So the phospholipids are arranged in a double layer (a bilayer) to keep the cell separate from its environment. His feet and legs were swollen with fluid. Not everything can make it into your cells. The plants and animals diffused to a region with climate and geography similar to that of their point of domestication. Solved QUESTION 28 Which of the following best explains the - Chegg What is transported across a membrane during osmosis? What separates the intracellular fluid from the extracellular fluid? selectively permeable: the characteristic of a membrane that allows some substances through but not others. C. The IV fluid should be hypertonic to the patient's blood. What Is Diffusion? - Definition, Types & Examples Of Diffusion - BYJUS Even in large industrial reactions, when two liquids are mixed together, diffusion brings the reactants together and allows the reaction to proceed smoothly. The best explanation for the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication is option C. Contagious diffusion in the early years was a way of spreading from one person to the other. If you find an example of where hot or cold water is used for something that might involve diffusion, see if you can try it with the opposite and observe any differences in the results. As an example, while gases and small molecules like methane or water can diffuse freely across a plasma membrane, larger charged molecules like carbohydrates or nucleic acids need the help of transmembrane proteins forming pores or channels. The English language became a widely spoken language in North America in the twentieth century. Simple diagram of a symporter (carrying two molecules in the same direction) and an antiporter (carrying two molecules in opposite directions). In most biological systems, diffusion occurs across a semi-permeable membrane made of a lipid bilayer. Figure showing the transport cycle of the sodium-potassium pump. "Diffusion. At 3M, we discover and innovate in nearly every industry to help solve problems around the world. Which of the following is least likely to increase the rate of diffusion? This is also seen when two liquid reactants are mixed with one another. What assists the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion? This can occur with all sorts of matter, but is most commonly observed in liquids and gases. However, the township-and-range system uses simplified calculation to create a more ordered landscape. Facilitated diffusion requires the assistance of proteins. C. The SER manufactures proteins for export from the cell. For instance, most of a red blood cells energy is used to maintain internal sodium and potassium levels that differ from those of the surrounding environment. In the case of a cell, positive and negative charges are separated by the barrier of the cell membrane, with the inside of the cell having extra negative charges relative to the outside. The cell is therefore not completely permeable. Which of the following best explains diffusion? y1=3y2y2=12y1. How To Use Patchouli Oil For Erectile Dysfunction? 266X15aX+baY+32b. Wipe up any spills that may have happened. The first sugar solution is hypotonic to the second solution. Similarly, if a canister of liquid nitrogen leaks a little, nitrogen gas that escapes would quickly diffuse into the atmosphere. At this balance point, the inside of the membrane is negative relative to the outside. Direct link to priciaauy's post why wouldnt cells use atp, Posted 4 years ago. Diffusion is the process of movement of molecules under a concentration gradient. Direct link to Ivana - Science trainee's post yes, dimensions also play. Facilitated diffusion is diffusion that is helped along (facilitated by) a membrane transport channel. Water molecules will move from the side of higher water concentration to the side of lower concentration until both solutions are isotonic. Because of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid, the molecule must be arranged in a specific pattern as only certain parts of the molecule can physically be in contact with water. Intensive agriculture is practiced in a Mediterranean climate. She consumed a large amount of water in a short time (Don't try thiswater intoxication is often fatal.). John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Child Psychopathology - Ch 1 Review questions. In general, to maintain homeostasis the relationship between our intracellular and extracellular fluids should be which of the following?

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